Chapter 7 Bankruptcy

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What Is Chapter 7 Bankruptcy?

Chapter 7 bankruptcy, also referred to as straight or liquidation bankruptcy, is the most common type of bankruptcy filed by consumers. The primary reason that individuals and families choose to file Chapter 7 under the bankruptcy code is to receive a "fresh start" through which some or all of their debts can be cleared away or discharged while they are still able to keep their exempt property.


Many times, people are overwhelmed with collection calls or aggressive collection efforts, which include wage garnishment, repossession of vehicles, or home foreclosures. The filing of a Chapter 7 bankruptcy petition comes with an automatic stay which immediately stops all of these creditor collection efforts. Our experienced bankruptcy attorneys at Cox Law Group, PLLC offer FREE consultations to help you determine if Chapter 7 bankruptcy is the right solution for you.


Schedule an appointment today at our locally owned law firm. Fill out our online form today!

Do You Qualify For Chapter 7 Bankruptcy?

Almost any individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, and family farmer in the United States is eligible to file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy under the bankruptcy code.


  • To qualify for and be successful in Chapter 7 bankruptcy:
    Your monthly income must be less than the median income for a same-sized household or you must pass the means test of whether you have sufficient income to pay your creditors.
  • You haven't filed a Chapter 7 bankruptcy during the past eight years.
  • You must complete a credit counseling course within 180 days before filing.
  • If you tried to file a Chapter 7 or 13 bankruptcy and your case was dismissed for abuse, you have to wait at least 181 days before trying again.


Generally, there are no minimum financial or solvency requirements to file a bankruptcy case by a debtor. For individuals and families, there are requirements that need to meet for them to qualify for Chapter 7.

How Do You File Chapter 7 Bankruptcy?

One of the reasons that we offer a FREE initial consultation at Cox Law Group PLLC is that many clients come into our initial meeting unsure of what to expect or how the process works. Many times, they have heard misinformation or are unsure if filing for bankruptcy can remedy their current financial challenges. Listed below are some of the most frequent questions we receive: 

  • Credit Counseling

    There are generally two credit counseling requirements in individual bankruptcy cases. Debtors must complete an individual or group briefing from an approved credit counseling agency prior to filing under any chapter of the Bankruptcy Code. After filing their bankruptcy petition, debtors must then take and complete an instructional course in personal finance management before a discharge is entered. A certificate of completion for both credit counseling and debtor education is required before the filer's debts can be discharged.

  • Bankruptcy Attorney

    A very common question that we receive from prospective clients is, "Do I really need the help of an attorney to file?" Without sounding self-serving, the answer to that question is yes, but you need an attorney who is experienced in bankruptcy law like the attorneys at Cox Law Group, PLLC. Bankruptcy can be a complicated process, especially since the changes to the bankruptcy law were enacted by Congress in 2005. Our attorneys have decades of experience providing the right legal advice, preparing and filing your petition, and guiding you through the process from start to finish. We will attend all mandatory hearings with you and provide the court and trustee's office with all necessary documents to ensure that you receive your discharge in a timely manner.

  • File Paperwork

    One of the greatest benefits of hiring an experienced bankruptcy attorney at Cox Law Group to represent you in the bankruptcy process is that we prepare all of the court documents and filings for you. Prior to filing your bankruptcy petition, we gather all of the information at your initial consultations to properly evaluate the unique aspects of your case and ensure that your bankruptcy petition is complete and accurate.

  • Trustee Takes Over

    Once a bankruptcy petition is filed the bankruptcy court appoints a trustee to oversee the debtor’s case. Trustees are not always attorneys; some are attorneys or have other business backgrounds. A trustee’s role in a bankruptcy filing is to oversee the debtor’s bankruptcy estate to determine what if any, non-exempt property the debtor has that can be liquidated to pay creditors. Many Chapter 7 filings are “zero asset” cases where no non-exempt property exists for the trustee to liquidate and distribute to creditors. Trustees also oversee the debtors’ meeting of creditors (341 hearing) at which time the debtor answers questions from the trustee under oath. Your bankruptcy attorney at Cox Law Group will attend this hearing with you and will assist you in this process. We have decades of experience in bankruptcy court proceedings and will help you throughout the entire process.

  • Meeting of Creditors

    In the early stages of a bankruptcy case, usually between 30-45 days after the case is filed, the filing party(s) must attend a meeting of creditors, also referred to as a 341 hearing. At this meeting, they must provide information and answer questions under oath from the bankruptcy trustee. In some cases, the United States Trustee or creditors of the debtor may also be present. These hearings are usually very short in nature, as most 341 hearings last less than 10 minutes.

  • Your Eligibility is Determined

    At your initial FREE consultation, one of our experienced bankruptcy attorneys will sit down with you and evaluate your unique financial situation. Prior to this meeting, we will give you a list of documents to bring with you that will help us evaluate your case and determine eligibility for filing. 

  • Non-Exempt Property Administered

    A Trustee in Chapter 7 “administers” or sells a debtor’s nonexempt assets. Exemptions are laws that help individuals and families protect certain necessary property from bankruptcy and collections.

  • Secured Debts

    Our attorneys have successfully helped thousands of clients throughout Virginia receive a discharge of their debt under the bankruptcy code. The overwhelming feeling from most clients is a sense of great relief. They are excited about their fresh start and the new financial future that is ahead of them. After completing the bankruptcy process, clients can take control of their finances, make good financial decisions, and try to avoid any of the circumstances that caused their financial hardships.

  • Education Course

    Prior to the filing of a bankruptcy petition, each debtor must complete an initial educational course.

  • Discharge

    A discharge in a Chapter 7 bankruptcy is a court order issued at the end of the case that relieves the debtor from the obligation to pay the debt listed in the petition. Once a debt has been discharged, the creditor is prohibited from taking collection action on the debt ever again. Debts that are likely to be discharged in Chapter 7 are credit card debts, medical bills, lawsuit judgments, personal loans, and any other unsecured debts. The average time to receive a discharge for a Chapter 7 bankruptcy is usually about four months from the date the petition is filed.

How Long Does Bankruptcy Stay on Your Credit Report?

Bankruptcy is a legal process that can stay on your credit reports for up to 10 years from the date of the filing in Chapter 7, even after your debts are discharged and the bankruptcy is completed. Even though bankruptcy can stay on your credit for up to 10 years, its effects on your credit can diminish over time before actually dropping off your credit reports. This means that your credit score can begin to recover even while the bankruptcy remains on your credit reports. After the bankruptcy is removed from your credit reports, you may see your scores begin to improve even more, especially if you pay your bills in full and on time. Many people get a secured credit card after receiving their discharge to start rebuilding their credit immediately. While bankruptcy may hurt your credit initially, using credit responsibly after will help rebuild your credit. When you need a bankruptcy lawyer in Harrisonburg, VA, we’re here to help.

The Most Common Types of Debts Discharged in Chapter 7

  • Credit card debt
  • Judgements and liens obtained by creditors - although liens on land may survive unless voided
  • Medical bills
  • Unsecured lines of credit

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"We have been dealing with Cox Law Group for almost 3 years now. I have to say we have never been more satisfied with any law firm before. Not only have we been treated with understanding and respect and kindness we have had all our concerns and questions answered right away."

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